 ...
Regarding the pulmonary respiratory volumes: they are as follows:
1- Tidal Volume: TV: Tidal Volume:
It expresses the volume of air that is taken in or expelled with each breath (in the case of normal breathing) and equals (500) ml
2- Inspiratory Reserve Volume: IRV: Inspiratory Reserve Volume:
It expresses the maximum additional volume of air that a person can forcibly inhale after a normal (tidal) inspiration.
And it equals (3000) ml.
3- Expiratory Reserve Volume: ERV: Expiratory Reserve Volume
It expresses the maximum volume of air that a person can forcibly expel after a normal expiration.
And it equals (1100) ml.
4- Residual Volume: RV: Residual Volume
It is the air that remains in the lungs even after maximal forced expiration (it cannot be expelled and therefore cannot be measured directly).
It equals (1200) ml.
As for the pulmonary capacities: they are as follows:
1- Inspiratory Capacity: IC: Inspiratory Capacity:
It expresses the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled with forced effort, after a normal expiration.
And it equals 3500 ml. (It is the Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Reserve Volume) (TV+IRV) (500+3000).
2- Vital Capacity: VC: Vital Capacity:
It expresses the maximum volume of air that can be expelled with forced expiration, after forced inspiration:
And it equals 4600 ml (It is the Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Reserve Volume + Expiratory Reserve Volume) (TV+IRV+ERV) (500+3000+1100).
3- Functional Residual Capacity: FRC: Functional Residual Capacity:
It expresses the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration and cannot be measured directly.
It equals 2300 ml (It is the Tidal Volume + Expiratory Reserve Volume) (TV+ERV).
4- Total Lung Capacity: TLC: Total Lung Capacity:
The volume of air present in the lungs after maximal forced inspiration.
And it equals 5800 ml (It is the Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Reserve Volume + Expiratory Reserve Volume + Residual Volume)
(TV+IRV+ERV+RV) (500+3000+1100+1200).
All volumes and capacities are measured directly by a SpiroMeter device.
- Tidal Volume T.V " Tidal Volume "
- Inspiratory Reserve Volume IRV " Inspiratory Reserve Volume "
- Expiratory Reserve Volume ERV " Expiratory Reserve Volume "
- Vital Capacity VC " Vital Capacity "
- Residual Volume RV " Residual Volume "
- Total Lung Capacity TLC " Total Lung Capacity "
Tidal Volume T.V " Tidal Volume ":
During breathing spontaneously, an approximately constant volume of air is exchanged with the external environment, where the volume of air inhaled in each respiratory movement equals the volume of air exhaled.
It averages 500 milliliters
- Inspiratory Reserve Volume IRV " Inspiratory Reserve Volume "
It is an additional amount of air that can be inhaled when performing a deep maximal (forced) inspiration at the end of spontaneous (normal) inspiration
- Expiratory Reserve Volume ERV " Expiratory Reserve Volume "
It is the additional volume of air that we can exhale by means of maximal expiratory effort following tidal (normal) expiration.
- Vital Capacity VC " Vital Capacity "
It equals the sum of the three previous volumes combined.
- Residual Volume RV " Residual Volume "
It is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximal forced expiration (i.e., it is the volume of air that cannot be exhaled)
- Total Lung Capacity TLC " Total Lung Capacity "
It represents the sum of the Vital Capacity and the Residual Volume.
Functional Residual Capacity FRC " Functional Residual Capacity ":
It represents the sum of the Residual Volume and the Expiratory Reserve Volume (or what is called the remaining expiratory volume)
Peak Expiratory Volume: PEF "Peak Flow"
It is the maximum expiratory volume during forced expiration. It represents the peak flow rate on the chart, and the rate equals approximately 10-15 per second.
BreathingMeasurementSpirometry
BreathingMeasurementSpirometry is used to measure the volume and speed of air that is inhaled and exhaled to assess lung function and provide a first-level test for diagnosing respiratory system diseases such as asthma, emphysema, and cystic fibrosis.
How to use the BreathingMeasurementSpirometry device:
First, the patient stands on their feet.
Then takes a very deep breath in.
Then blows out with maximum force as much as possible.
The device will measure (the volume of air in liters in the first second), which is the maximum blow volume in one second (FEV1), and it also measures the total volume of air in the lung, which is (FVC).
BreathingMeasurement canestimatetheproportionofairthatyoudrawfromyourlungsandthespeedofexpellingitfromthem. It is measuredbybreathinginasdeeplyaspossiblethenexhalingwithforceandspeedasmuchaspossibleintoamachine. Thenthemachinemeasuresthetotalproportionofairthatyouexhaleandthisiscalledtheforcedvitalcapacity(FVC) aswellastheextentofexhalationinthefirstsecondandthisiscalledtheforcedexpiratoryvolumeinonesecond(FEV1).
